About Orthopaedic Surgeries using Cancellous Screws
Many accidents may result in broken bones. In aged persons, a minor falls may result in broken bones. Bones, when fractured, heals automatically, but unlike other body tissues, they need to be under compressive force to heal properly. Hence, the bones are needed to be held in place properly with the compressive force. In minor cases, if the movement of that body part is restricted, for example, a broken arm, it heals automatically. But for example, a broken hip is something that does not heal automatically. In such cases, surgeries are performed where metallic plates are attached to hold the bone is place using screws. The screws are drilled into the bone, away from the position of the fracture. The plates are attached using cancellous screws or cortical screws. The cortical screws are used in the cortical region, whereas a cancellous screwis used in the cancellous region. Now, the screws may be of different types. They may be threaded fully or partially, they may or may not be self-tapping and self-drilling.Cortical screws and the cancellous ones have difference in their pitch. The cortical screws have a smaller pitch. Also, they have relatively shallow threads and a much larger outer to core diameter, when compared to the cancellous screws. They also come with a blunt end. This blunt end helps in reducing the soft tissue damage.
A cancellous screw is used in cases when the cancellous bone needs to be fixed. The most common use of them is in the metaphyses of long bones where there is an abundance of cancellous bones. These screws cut more deeply and hence they are much widely spaced. These screws are also much sharper. Hence, they are self-tapping in nature.
The screws are not only used to attach bone plates that allow healing bones, but also, they come to use in case of implanting prosthesis. In orthopaedic surgeries, one of the most common prosthesis that is implanted is the hip replacement prosthesis, or the bipolar prosthesis Hip replacement is needed in a lot of cases. In aged people, it is mainly needed when they suffer from the effects of arthritis. Due to old age, the lubrication between two bones is reduced and hence due to friction, there is pain. The space between the joints can be resurfaced, but a bipolar prosthesis is a permanent solution. In cases of hip replacement, the patient satisfaction varies. But in most cases, it relieves the patient of all pain from arthritis. The prosthesis is made of steel or titanium allows, but if the person suffers from toxicity, then there are other materials that can be used too that provide similar strength and support.
Another prosthesis that is commonly used in a hook plate. A hook plate is simply shoulder prosthesis. These are used in Lateral clavicle fractures and Dislocations of the acromioclavicular joint. Once the bone has completely healed, another surgery is performed to remove this implant that helped the bone to heal.
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